Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a lung disease characterized by chronic limited airflow in & out of the lungs, that interferes with normal breathing and is not fully reversible. In 2023, COPD accounted for 50% of the total burden from respiratory conditions. 

Smoking is the main risk factor for COPD, with up to 75% of those affected being current or former smokers. Prolonged exposure to chemical irritants and pollution can also cause COPD.

COPD is a progressive disease; its symptoms typically develop slowly but worsen over time. The main symptoms include difficulty breathing or “needing air,” cough with sputum production, wheezing, and chest tightness. People with COPD often experience periods of acute worsening, known as exacerbations or “lung attacks”, making it crucial to prevent these episodes.  Patients with COPD also often suffer from daily symptoms such as fatigue and depression.

Due to the progressive nature of COPD, early diagnosis and effective treatment are essential. Diagnosis is based on symptoms, physical examinations, and the results of diagnostic tests.

Considering the social burden of COPD, the goal of effective treatment aims to improve the patient's quality of life. This involves maintaining adequate lung function, improving symptoms, preventing recurrence of exacerbations, and reducing the risk of death